In light of the 140th anniversary of the Berlin Conference, a recent symposium in Germany has sparked renewed discussions about the historical and contemporary implications of this pivotal event in colonial history. The conference, held from November 15, 1884, to February 26, 1885, was convened by German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck and involved major European powers that sought to formalize their claims over African territories. This gathering not only set the stage for the Scramble for Africa, but also established arbitrary borders that disregarded existing ethnic and cultural divisions.
The symposium, led by Togolese Minister of Foreign Affairs Robert Dussey, aimed to reflect on the legacy of the Berlin Conference and its impact on African-European relations today. Dussey emphasized the importance of acknowledging historical injustices while fostering a dialogue rooted in “mutual respect” and “sincerity”. Former Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf also addressed attendees, highlighting the need for a collaborative approach to address the lingering effects of colonialism.
Despite its significance, awareness of the Berlin Conference’s consequences remains limited in contemporary discourse. Many Africans were unaware of the conference’s proceedings, yet they bore the brunt of its outcomes as their lands were divided among foreign powers. Historians have long critiqued the conference for legitimizing European imperialism, which led to widespread exploitation and suffering across the continent.
The symposium gathered decision-makers from various sectors government, academia, and civil society to discuss not only the historical context but also to explore pathways for a more equitable partnership between Africa and Europe. Participants engaged in critical conversations about how to reshape these relationships moving forward, emphasizing shared learning and collective memory as essential components for future collaboration.
